Chicago Style Citations
The alternative to “in-text” citations are footnotes, which give publication information at the bottom of the page. This guide describes Chicago style footnotes (see Understanding Different Citation Styles for more information). With footnotes, you are not required to mention the author, page, or year directly in your sentence. You only need to include the footnote number and to put the author and page number at the bottom of the page. But you might include one or more of these details directly in your sentence, anyway, depending on what you were trying to emphasize about the quotation. In addition to including footnotes throughout your paper, you should also include a list of all sources cited at the end of your Chicago style paper. Rather than “Works Cited” or “References,” Chicago style calls this list a “Bibliography.” Sometimes an instructor may ask that your Bibliography include all sources consulted during your research, not just those cited in your final draft, so make sure to ask about expectations before submitting papers for each class. Below are some simple examples of how to cite sources using footnote style.